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Beware of Sleep Disorders

beware of sleep

We sleep approximately 8h of each 24-h cycle, that is 1/3rd of our life, But sleep disorders are often neglected by patients and doctors compared to other medical illness, because

  • Patients are often keeping the problem of sleep as a personal and private issue.
  • They may be unaware of sleep disorder causing their abnormal movements at night, or of obstructive sleep apneas.
  • Sleep-related symptoms are often attributed to be normal in life.
  • ‘Tiredness’, may be thought to be due to old age, stress, shift work or overwork, rather than to a sleep disorder.
  • Medical and other healthcare professionals are generally less aware of sleep.
  • Doctors examine while the patient is awake so that direct observation of a sleep disorder by the doctor is unusual.
  • Medical schools do not give importance to sleep disorders, because sleep medicine is a new science

Classification

sleeping-man

Classification of sleep disorders: ICSD-2

  • Adjustment Insomnia (Acute Insomnia)
  • Psychophysiological Insomnia
  • Paradoxical Insomnia
  • Idiopathic Insomnia
  • Insomnia Due to Mental Disorder
  • Inadequate Sleep Hygiene
  • Behavioral Insomnia of Childhood
  • Insomnia Due to Drug or Substance
  • Insomnia Due to Medical Condition
  • Insomnia Not Due to Substance or Known Physiological Condition
  • Unspecified (Nonorganic Insomnia, NOS)
  • Physiological (Organic) Insomnia, Unspecified
  • Central Sleep Apnea Syndromes
    • Primary Central Sleep Apnea
    • Central Sleep Apnea Due to Cheyne Stokes Breathing Pattern
    • Central Sleep Apnea Due to High-Altitude Periodic Breathing
    • Central Sleep Apnea Due to Medical Condition Not Cheyne Stokes
    • Central Sleep Apnea Due to Drug or Substance
    • Primary Sleep Apnea of Infancy (Formerly Primary Sleep Apnea of Newborn)
  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndromes
    • Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Adult
    • Obstructive Sleep Apnoea, Pediatric
  • Sleep Related Hypoventilation/Hypoxemic Syndromes
    • Sleep Related Nonobstructive Alveolar Hypoventilation, Idiopathic
    • Congenital Central Alveolar Hypoventilation Syndrome
  • Sleep Related Hypoventilation/Hypoxemia Due to Medical Condition
    • Sleep Related Hypoventilation/Hypoxemia Due to Pulmonary Parenchymal or Vascular Pathology
    • Sleep Related Hypoventilation/Hypoxemia Due to Lower Airways Obstruction
    • Sleep Related Hypoventilation/Hypoxemia Due to Neuromuscular and Chest Wall Disorders
  • Other Sleep Related Breathing Disorder
    • Sleep Apnea/Sleep Related Breathing Disorder, Unspecified
  • Narcolepsy With Cataplexy
  • Narcolepsy Without Cataplexy
  • Narcolepsy Due to Medical Condition
  • Narcolepsy, Unspecified
  • Recurrent Hypersomnia
    • Kleine-Levin Syndrome
    • Menstrual-Related Hypersomnia
  • Idiopathic Hypersomnia With Long Sleep Time
  • Idiopathic Hypersomnia Without Long Sleep Time
  • Behaviorally Induced Insufficient Sleep Syndrome
  • Hypersomnia Due to Medical Condition
  • Hypersomnia Due to Drug or Substance
  • Hypersomnia Not Due to Substance or Known Physiological Condition (Nonorganic Hypersomnia, NOS)
  • Physiological (Organic) Hypersomnia, Unspecified (Organic Hypersomnia, NOS)
  • Disorders of Arousal (From NREM Sleep)
    • Confusional Arousals
    • Sleepwalking
    • Sleep Terrors
  • Parasomnias Usually Associated With REM Sleep
    • REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (Including Overlap Disorder and Status Dissociatus)
    • Recurrent Isolated Sleep Paralysis
    • Nightmare Disorder
  • Other Parasomnias
    • Sleep-Related Dissociative Disorders
    • Sleep Enuresis
    • Sleep-Related Groaning (Catathrenia)
    • Exploding Head Syndrome
    • Sleep-Related

Hallucinations

    • Sleep-Related Eating Disorders
    • Parasomnia, Unspecified
    • Parasomnia Due to Drug or Substance
    • Parasomnia Due to Medical Condition
  • Restless Legs Syndrome
  • Periodic Limb Movement Disorder
  • Sleep-Related Leg Cramps
  • Sleep-Related Bruxism
  • Sleep-Related Rhythmic Movement Disorder
  • Sleep-Related Movement Disorder, Unspecified
  • Sleep-Related Movement Disorder Due to Drug or Substance
  • Sleep-Related Movement Disorder Due to Medical Condition
  • Long Sleeper
  • Short Sleeper
  • Snoring
  • Sleep Talking
  • Sleep Starts (Hypnic Jerks)
  • Benign Sleep Myoclonus of Infancy
  • Hypnagogic Foot Tremor and Alternating Leg Muscle Activation During Sleep
  • Propriospinal Myoclonus at Sleep Onset
  • Excessive Fragmentary Myoclonus

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