The Adrenal Glands are located above the kidneys. Their function is to make several kinds of hormones that control everything from salt balance to fight or flight response. Disorders of the adrenal glands are due to too much or too little production of these hormones.
A deficiency of the hormone cortisol is called adrenal insufficiency. Cortisol has many functions in the body, including maintaining blood pressure, controlling inflammation, regulating blood sugar, and regulating the sleep-wake cycle.
A deficiency of the hormone aldosterone is also a rare form of adrenal insufficiency. Aldosterone regulates salt balance, working primarily in the kidneys.
An excess of the hormone cortisol or cortisol-like hormones can be due to overactive adrenal glands, overactive pituitary gland, or medications like cortisol that are prescribed for other reasons.
An excess of the hormone aldosterone is a rare cause of high blood pressure
This is a very rare kind of malignancy due to overgrowth of the tissue that makes epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine, dopamine, or other related hormones.
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